高考英语语法重点归纳总结-高考英语语法重点
1.高考英语语法填空必背知识
2.高考英语13个语法考点
3.高考英语语法主要考哪些
4.高考英语语法考点总结
5.高考英语语法题目类型和分布重点
高考英语语法填空必背知识
英语高考的时候,不管是单词、 短语 、句型还是语法,都会被考察到,所以考生们一定要全面复习好这些知识。下面是我整理分享的高考英语语法填空必背知识,欢迎阅读与借鉴,希望对你们有帮助!
高考英语语法填空必背知识
一、部分过去式和过去分词不规则变化的动词
1. broadcast (broadcast, broadcast) 广播
2. flee (fled, fled) 逃跑
3. forbid (forbade, forbidden) 禁止
4. forgive (forgave, forgiven) 原谅
5. freeze (froze, frozen) 结冰
6. hang (作“绞”讲,是规则的;作“悬挂”讲,其过去式过去分词都是hung)
7. lie (作“说谎”讲时,是规则的;作“位于”讲时,其过去式是lay,过去分词是lain)
8. seek (sought, sought) 寻求
9. shake (shook, shaken) 发抖
10. sing (sang, sung) 唱歌
11. sink (sank, sunk/sunken) 下沉
12. spread (spread, spread) 传播
13. swim (swam, swum) 游泳
14. tear (tore, torn) 撕碎
15. weave (wove, woven) 编织
二、以下动词加-ed或-ing要双写最后一个字母
双写规则口诀:重读闭音节有特点,词尾是两“辅”夹一“元”。
若把-ing,-er(-est),-ed添,辅音字母要双写全。
注:两“辅”夹一“元”:指单词最后三个字母是“辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母”(最后一个字母如是w,x,y除外),其中元音字母所发的音是该单词的重音。即“以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词”。
1. admit (admitted, admitting) 承认
2. permit (permitted, permitting)允许
3. regret (regretted, regretting) 后悔
4. forget (forgotten, forgetting ) 忘记 unforgettable
5. control (controlled, controlling) 控制
6. occur (occurred, occurring) 出现
7. prefer (preferred, preferring) 宁愿
8. refer (referred, referring) 提到
9. equip (equipped, equipping) 装备
注意:quarrel, signal, travel中的l可双写(英国英语)也可不双写(美国英语) 另外注意:destroy (destroyed) employ (employed)
shyer; shyest
三、容易拼写错的数字
1. eighth第八 2. ninth第九 3. forty四十 4. twelfth第十二
5. twentieth第二十
四、注意形容词变名词时的拼写变化
1. long—length 长度— lengthen加长
2. wide—width 宽度—widen
3. high—height 高度—heighten
4. strong—strength力量 —strengthen
5.deep—depth—deepen
6. short—shortness—shorten
7.broad—broadness—broaden
8.large—largeness—enlarge
五、以-ic结尾的动词,应先把-ic变为-ick,再加ing或ed
1. picnic (picnicked, picnicking) 野餐
2.panic (panicked, panicked) a./ v.惊慌,恐慌,惶恐不安
六、个别名词的'复数拼写
1. German (Germans) 德国人
2. gulf (gulfs) 海湾
3. handkerchief (handkerchiefs) 手帕
4. hero (英雄),potato (土豆),tomato (西红柿) 等有生命的以-o结尾的名词变复数时要加-es。
5. roof (roofs) 房顶
6. stomach 胃 (其复数是stomachs而不是加es)
七、常用复数形式
1. headphones (耳机), trousers (裤子),sunglasses (太阳镜), scissors (剪刀), compasses (圆规)
2. noodles, vegetables, snacks小吃, 快餐,
3. make friends with 与...交朋友,in high/low spirits (情绪高涨/低落), have sports (进行体育活动)。
4. congratulations (祝贺)。
5. celebrations (庆祝),
八、注意动词变名词时的拼写变化
1. succeed—success成功
2. pronounce—pronunciation 发音
3. explain—explanation解释
4. decide—decision 决定
5. enter—entrance进入
6. permit—permission 允许
7. refuse—refusal 拒绝
8. consider—consideration 考虑
9. discover—discovery 发现
10. bury—burial 埋葬
11. conclude—conclusion 得出结论
12. arrive—arrival 到达
13. weigh—weight 重量
14.press--pressure压力
九、注意去不去e
possible—possibly 可能的 argue—argument judge—judgment
value—valuable courage—courageous
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高考英语13个语法考点
她是一个如此的一个笨蛋以致相信了他所说的话。
(4) so + adj./adv. + as to do sth 如此……以致于……
例:He was so strong as to carry the heavy box.
她是一个如此的一个笨蛋以致相信了他所说的话。
(4) so + adj./adv. + as to do sth 如此……以致于……
例:He was so strong as to carry the heavy box.
她是一个如此的一个笨蛋以致相信了他所说的话。
(4) so + adj./adv. + as to do sth 如此……以致于……
例:He was so strong as to carry the heavy box.
高考英语语法主要考哪些
一、非谓语动词
“非谓语动词”可分为动词不定式、动名词和分词。它在句子中的作用很多:除了不作谓语外,它可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语与复合宾语(主语补语或宾语补语)。有些及物动词后面接不带to的不定式作复合宾语。这些动词归纳如下:一感(feel).二听(hear,listen to),三让(have,1et, make),四看(see,watCh,notice,observe)。再加上help somebody(to)do something和美国英语look at somebody do somthing。还有“二让”属特殊:get somebody to do something 与keep somebody doing。而有些及物动词后面接动名词(the -ing form)作宾语。这些动词归纳为一句话:Papa C makes friends。这是由如下动词的开头字母组成:permit,advise, practise,avoid,consider,mind, allow,keep,enjoy,suggest, finish,risk,imagine,escape,need,delay,stand(忍受)。 为了容易记住,也可以编成顺口溜:“允许完成练习,建议避免冒险,考虑延期逃跑,喜欢保持想象,需要反对忍受”。其相对应的动词依次是:permit/allow,finish,practise;
advise/suggest, avoid,risk: consider, delay, escape/miss; enjoy/appreciate, keep, imagine; need/want/require,mind. can't help/can’t stand。
二、复合句
1、学生最容易混淆的是定语从句与同位语从句的区别。
例如:A、The news that our team has won the match is true. (同位语从句)
B、The news that he told us surprised everybody here. (定语从句)
关键的区别在于连接或关系代词that:有意义的是定语, 无意义的是同位。因为引导定语从句的that在从句中作主语或 宾语,而引导同位语从句的that只起到连接词的作用。
2、接着容易混淆的是引导定语从句的关系代词that与 which:that之前是不定(代词)、序数(词)、(形容词)最高级:which之前是介词短语与逗号(非限制性)。
例如:A、All that we have to do is to practise every day.
B、The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.
C、I have lost my pen,which I like very much.
D、The house in front of which there is a garden is my home.
三、It的用法
1、It除了代替人和物以外,还可以作形式主语。而真正的主语(不定式、动名词或从句)则放于谓语或表语之后。
例如:It is nor easy to finish the work in two days.
然而有少数表语之后接动名词作真正的主语。这些表语是:无助(no help)、无用(no use)、没好处(no good);工作(hard work)、费时(a waste of time)、又危险(a danger)。
例如:A、It is no use crying over spilt milk.
B、It is a waste of time waiting for him.
2、It还可以作形式宾语。通常下列动词后面可接it作形式宾语:2f2tcjm(find,feel,think,take,consider,judge, make)。
例如:A、He made it clear that he was not interested in this subject.
B、I think it no use arguing with him.
3、It用于强调句式。要强调句子的某一部分(主语、宾语、 状语),可以把it当作先行词。这种句子的结构是:It is(was)+ 被强调部分+that(who)+句子的其余部分。
例如:A、It iS Professor Lin who teaches us English—(强调主语)
B、It was in Shanghai that l saw the film.—(强调状语)
C、It was in 1990 that I worked in the factory.(同上)
但要注意与定语从句的区别。
例如:D、It was 1990 when I worked in the factory.(定语从句)
在强调句式里,我们把强调结构It is(was)…that除去,句子还很完整。如例句C。而例句D就不能。
四、倒装结构
学生容易混淆的是全部倒装与部分倒装。如何区分之,编个顺口溜:副(adv.)介(prep.)提前全倒装,其它句式部分倒;否定提前倒助动,让步状语倒表语;复合句式倒主句,不
倒装的属特殊。下面举例说明:
A、Here comes the bus.(副词提前,全倒装)
B、Here he comes.(代词作主语,不倒装)
C、In front of the house lies a garden.(介词短语提前,全倒装)
D、Never shall I do this again.(否定词提前,部分倒装)
E、Young as he is ,he knows a lot.(让步状语从句,表语倒装)
F、Only when he told me did I realize what trouble he was in.(only 修饰状语,主句倒装)
G、Only he can save the patient.(only修饰主语.不倒装)
H、Not only will help be given to people,but also medical treatment will be provided.(否定词提前,部分倒装)
I、Not only he but also we like sports.(连接两个主语,不倒装)
五、虚拟语气
虚拟语气也是一个难点。所谓虚拟语气是表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议,而不表示客观存在的事实。它通过句子的谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。现归纳如下:纯假设,用虚拟,动词时态退一级:条件句,分主从,主句谓语前加would (should,could,might);表愿望,用虚拟,wish后面接宾语(从句):现在过去与将来,动词时态退一级:提建议,用虚拟,宾语(从句)动词用(should)do:俩建议,三要求,再加坚持与命令(suggest,advise,demand,require,request,insist,order):It is time和eoukd rather,后接丛句用虚拟:部分主语从句中, 谓语用虚拟结构 (It is necessry /important/natural/natural/strange/strange that……should do)。 下面举例说明:
A、If you came tomorrow,we would have the metting. (条件句虚拟)
B、Without air,there would be no living things.(同上)
C、We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.(表示愿望虚拟)
D、He demanded that we (should)start right away.(表示建议虚拟)
E、It is(high)time that we left (should leave)now.(特殊从句虚拟)
F、I would rather you gave me the book.(同上)
G、It is necessary that we should clean the room everyday,(主语从句虚拟)
H、He speaks English so fluently as if he were English. (特殊从句虚拟)
高考英语语法考点总结
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高考英语语法题目类型和分布重点
虚拟语气
1.虚拟语气的标准句式
2.标准句式与综错句式
3.条件句的省略倒装
4.虚拟语气的含蓄条件句
介词with, without, under, in, but for 等表示含蓄条件;
连词but, or, or else等表示含蓄条件;
副词otherwise, unfortunately等表示转折假设:
5.省略主句的虚拟语气结构if only
6.用于宾语从句的虚拟语气
that宾语从句需用(should)十动词原形表示虚拟的动词:
advise, recommend, propose, suggest, insist, move, urge, command, direct, order, ask, demand, request, require, maintain, prefer, desire, vote that不可以省略;should可以省略:
以上动词的同词根名词在that同位语从句和表语从句的谓语需用(should)十动词原形
如:
insistence, preference, recommendation, suggestion, proposal, motion, desire, requirement, request, order, necessity
以上动词的同词根形容词及分词在that主语从句的谓语需用(should)十动词原形,如:
advisable, desirable, insistent, preferable, urgent; advised, arranged, commanded, demanded desired, ordered, proposed, recommended, requested, required, suggested; essential, important, natural, necessary, possible, proper, strange
7.用于目的状语从句的虚拟语气 in case; in fear that; lest
8.用于方式状语从句的虚拟语气
9.常用的虚拟语气句式
1) it is high time
2) would rather
3)情态动词完成式可以表示责备、推测语气;
倒 装
全部倒装与部分倒装:
1.否定词语置于句首
never, no, neither, hardly, scarcely, little, seldom, rarely, not until, nowhere, at no time, on no account, in no respects, in no sense, in no way, under no circumstances, by no means, no longer, no less, no more, no sooner, in vain
2. only十状语置于句首
only加副词:only then,only once
only加介词短语:only at that time,only in this way,only by doing
only加状语从句:only because, only when
3.not only……but also……置于句首
4.so……that……状语、表语置于句首
5.than引导的比较状语从句(可以)
6.表语+系动词+主语
7.存在句
8.as引导的方式状语从句(可以)
主谓一致
常出现在主谓部分倒装结构中;常出现在主语与谓语之间有定语从句或其他修饰结构的句子中;常出现关系代词作主语的定语从句中;
1.以-s结尾的名词的主谓一致
1学科名词2构词单复3专有名词
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