高考题非谓语动词,高考非谓语动词练习

1.高考英语非谓语动词考点讲析教案

2.非谓语动词练习题最好是某校园网上的，60题以上

3.向高手提问一道有关英语非谓语动词的选择题（高中英语）！！！

4.非谓语动词什么时候用不定式类？什么时候用v+ing形式？

5.英语非谓语动词解题原则

6.非谓语动词

高考关于非谓语动词的考察一般比较侧重在对分词和不定式做定语和状语这方面上。我在此建议你这么做：

1、准确划分好题干的句子结构，找到句子的主语、谓语和宾语，正确理解句子的意思。这样就已经成功了大部分了。

2、如果你在to do、doing和done之间犹豫的话，就要特别注意时态。要弄清楚题目中描述的东西是已经做了的、正在做着的还是将来准备要做的。

3、如果是在doing和done,或者是to do和to be done之间选择的话，就要弄清句子中主动和被动的关系。主动的用doing或to do，被动就用done或者含有done的相符合的形式。

4、碰到having been done和done这样的选择时，就要注意好两个动作是同时发生的，还是一先一后的。如果是一先一后就用有have的形式，反之就不用。

总之，现在刚刚学了这个内容，不妨在理解了上面的内容以后先耐心的做做相关的题目。你会发现很多题目考来考去都是一样的内容。到了高三复习以后还会有不少的题目可供发掘，静下心慢慢学，真的不难的～

是否可以解决您的问题？

高考英语非谓语动词考点讲析教案

高考英语非谓语动词巧记巧用

一、接不定式和接动名词意义不同的动词和短语

在下列8个动词和短语动词后接不定式和接动名词意义不同：

remember to do(记住去做) remember doing(记得做过)

forget to do(忘记去做) forget doing(忘记做过)

regret to do (遗憾地做) regret doing(后悔做了)

try to do(设法做) try doing(试做)

go on to do(接着做另一事) go on doing(继续做同一事)

mean to do(打算做) mean doing(意味着)

stop to do(停下来去做) stop doing(停止做)

can’t help to do(不能帮助做) can’t help doing(情不自禁做)

1. —You were brave enough to raise objection at the meeting.

—Well, now I regret ________ that. (全国卷)

A. to do B. to be doing

C. to have done D. having done

分析答案选D。由语境可知“我”“后悔”在会上提出异议，应接动名词。

2. —The light in the office is still on.

—Oh，I forgot ________. (全国卷)

A. turning it off B. turn it off

C. to turn it off D. having turned it off

分析答案选C。表示忘记做某事，事情还没做，forget后接不定式。

3. In some parts of London, missing a bus means ________ for another hour. (上海卷)

A. waiting B. to wait

C. wait D. to be waiting

分析答案选A。由语境可知句中的mean表示“意味着”，后接不定式。

4. She reached the top of the hill and stopped ________ on a big rock by the side of the path. (全国卷)

A. to have rested B. resting

C. to rest D. rest

分析答案选C。休息是停下来的目的，且发生在stop之后，用接不定式的一般式。

5. Go on ________ the other exercise after you have finished this one. (全国卷)

A. to do B. doing

C. with D. to be doing

分析答案选A。表示做完一事后“接着做”另一事，go on后接不定式。

二、表示未成实现的愿望或打算的动词和短语

表示未曾实现的愿望或打算，即表示“本打算 / 想 / 希望做某事”但事实上却没做的事情，用plan, intend, mean; want, hope, wish, expect等动词的过去完成时，加不定式的一般式，或者这类动词的一般过去时，加不定式的完成式；was / were, would / should like加不定式的完成式；was / were going加不定式的一般式。如：

I would love ________ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report. (全国卷)

A. to go B. to have gone

C. going D. having gone

分析答案选B。由句意可知，是表示过去未曾实现的期望，用“would love+不定式完成式”。句意是：昨晚我本想去参加聚会的，但是…(from www.nmet168.com)

三、要接动名词的含有介词的常用句型

在介词后一般用动名词，下面是一些含介词的固定句式(其中有的介词有时会被省略)：prevent / stop / keep sb. / sth. from doing (阻止…做…)；spend / waste time or money in doing (在做…方面花费 / 浪费时间或金钱)；How / What about doing sth. (做…怎么样？)；have some difficulty / trouble in doing (在做…方面有些困难)；have a hard time in doing sth. (做某事很艰难); there is no sense in doing(做…是没有理由 / 道理的)；thank (excuse / admire / praise / blame / scold / punish) sb. for doing sth. (因做某事而感谢 / 羡慕 / 表扬 / 责备某人)等。如：

1. Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time ________ the exam. (福建卷)

A. pass B. to pass

C. passed D. passing

分析答案选D。因为have a hard time (in) doing sth. 在做某事方面有困难。

2. According to a recent U. S. survey, children spend up to 25 hours a week ________ TV. (上海卷)

A. to watch B. to watching

C. watching D. watch

分析答案选C。spend some time (in) doing sth. 做某事花了多长时间。

3. I believe that’s the best way to prevent such a thing ________ again. (全国卷)

A. to happen B. from happening

C. happened D. happen

分析答案选B。prevent sb. / sth. from doing 阻止…做…。

4. Did you have trouble ________ the post office? (全国卷)

A. to have found B. with finding

C. to find D. in finding

分析答案选D。have difficulty / trouble (in) doing sth. 在做方面有困难。

四、to是介词的常用固定结构

to是介词和固定词组很多，常见的有：look forward to(盼望), devote…to / be devoted to(致力于), be / get used to(习惯), lead to(导致), get down to(开始认真), pay attention to(注意), refer to(谈到), point to(指向), turn to(转向), object to(反对), equal to(等于、能胜任), belong to(属于)等。如：

1. Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to ________ some schools for poor children. (上海卷)

A. set up B. setting up

C. have set up D. having set up

分析答案选B。devote…to…中to是介词，接动名词；all是devote的宾语，he had是省略了关系代词that的定语从句。

2. The discovery of new evidence led to ________. (上海卷)

A. the thief having caught B. catch the thief

C. the thief being caught D. the thief to be caught

分析答案选C。lead to中的to是介词，后接动名词；逻辑主语the thief与catch是被动关系，所以用动名词的被动式(from www.nmet168.com)。

3. She looks forward every spring to ________ the flower-lined garden. (上海卷)

A. visit B. paying a visit

C. walk in D. walking in

分析答案选D。look forward to中to是介词，后接动名词。再说，若visit用作名词，后面要加介词to，才可接宾语，排除A和B；walk作名词，表示散步，仅用于go for / take / have a walk等结构，排除C。

非谓语动词练习题最好是某校园网上的，60题以上

1. I send you 100 dollars today, the rest _____ in a year.

A. follows B. followed C. to follow D. being followed

剩余的将在一年还清，所以选C

2. _____from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and

animals not found in any other country in the world.

A. Being separated B. Having separated

C. Having been separated D. To be separated

做原因状语，应为被隔离开很久，所以选C

1. The repairs cost a lot, but it’s money well_____.

A. to spend B. spent C. being spent D. spending

分析答案选B。因money与spend是被动关系，所以用过去分词。

2. The prize of the game show is＄30000 and an all expenses _____ vacation to China.

A. paying B. paid C. to be paid D. being paid

分析答案选B。因all expenses与pay是被动关系，故用过去分词。注意句中的an 不是修饰 expenses，而是修饰vacation。

　　3. When _________help, one often says, “Thank you.” Or “It’s kind of you.” (福建卷)

　　A. offering B. to offer C. to be offered D. offered

分析答案选 D。因一个人说“谢谢”，应当是他被提供了帮助，所以要用过去分词，When offered help… =When he is offered help…

1. The storm left, _________a lot of damage to this area. (全国卷I)

　　A. caused B. to have caused C. to cause D. having caused

　　分析答案选D。因The storm与cause是主动关系，排除选项A;不定式作状语，前面通常不用逗号，排除B和C;因暴风雨给这个地区“造成损失”是在“结束”之前，所以用完成式。

　　2. More and more people are signing up for Yoga classes nowadays, _________　advantage of the health and relaxation benefits. (上海卷)

　　A. taking B. taken C. having taken D. having been taken

　　分析答案选 A。因people与take advantage of是主动关系，排除选项B和D;take不会发生在谓语are signing up之前，不用完成式，排除C。

1. “You can’t catch me!” Janet shouted, _________away. (全国卷III)

　　A. run B. running C. to run D. ran

　　分析答案选B。现在分词作伴随状语。

　　2. He glanced over at her, _________ that though she was tiny, she seemed very well put together. (广东卷)

A. noting B. noted C. to note D. having noted

　　分析答案选 A。因为he与note是主谓关系，且note与谓语动词glanced的动作同时发生，所以用现在分词的一般式作伴随状语。

　　3. Daddy didn’t mind what we were doing, as long as we were together, _________fun. (重庆卷)

　　A. had B. have C. to have D. having

　　分析答案选 D。用现在分词表伴随情况。

　　说明：有时过去分词也可表伴随(注意过去分词同时还表被动关系)，但高考很少考查此用法。如：

　　He came in, followed by his wife. 他走了进来，后面跟着他的妻子。

在通常情况下，用作目的状语只能是不定式。如：

　　1. “Can the project be finished as planned?” “Sure, _________it completed in time, we’ll work two more hours a day.” (福建卷)

　　A. having got B. to get C. getting D. get

分析答案选 B。作目的状语只能用动词不定式。

　　2. _________ more about university courses, call (920) 746-3789. (浙江卷)

　　A. To find out B. Finding out C. Find out D. Having found out

　　分析答案选 A。作目的状语要用动词不定式。

　　3. It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just _________a look at the sports stars. (上海卷)

　　A. had B. having C. to have D. have

　　分析答案选 C。“看看体育明星”是“在体育馆外等三个小时”的目的，作目的状语只能用动词不定式。

1. 用现在分词表结果。如：

　　He fired, killing one of the passers-by. 他开枪了，打死了一个过路人。

　　Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, _________a record US $ 57.65 a barrel on April 4. (山东卷)

A. have reached B. reaching C. to reach D. to be reaching

　　分析答案选B。伴随着谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果，用现在分词作结果状语。

　　2. 用不定式表结果。如：

　　He returned home to find his wife waiting for him. 他回到家发现他的妻子在等他。

　　He hurried to the station only _________ that the train had left. (广东卷)

　　A. to find B. finding C. found D. to have found

　　分析答案选 A。因为only to do是习语，意为“结果却，不料”，hurried和find是先后发生的两个动作。

向高手提问一道有关英语非谓语动词的选择题（高中英语）！！！

1.______ more attention,the trees could have grown better.

A.To give B.Having given C.Given D.Giving

2.The first textbooks ______ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.

A.to be written B.written C.being written D.having written

3.The missing boys were last seen ______ near the river.

A.to play B.play C.to be playing D.playing

4.______ in thought,he almost ran into the car in front of him.

A.To lose B.Lost C.Having lost D.Losing

5.When passing me he pretended ______ me.

A.to see B.not having seen C.to have not seen D.not to have seen

6.The children insisted ______ there on foot.

A.they going B.they would go C.on their going D.going

7.He still remembers ______ to Shanghai when he was very young.

A.taking B.being taken C.taken D.having taken

8.______ the railway station,we had a break,only ______ the train had left.

A.Arriving at;to find B.Coming to;discovering that

C.On arriving at;finding out D.Hurrying to;to have found out

9.With the boy ______ the way,we had no trouble ______ the way ______ to Zhongshan Park.

A.leading;finding;leading B.to lead;found;to lead C.led;finding;led D.leading;found;led

10.______ these pictures,I couldn’t help thinking of those days when I was in Being and ______ from the top of a thirty-storeyed building,Beijing looks more beautiful.

A.Seeing;seen B.Seen;seeing C.Seeing;seeing D.Seen;seen

11.I can hardly imagine Peter ______ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.

A.to have sailed B.to sail C.sailing D.sail

12.If you wave your book in front of your face,you can feel the air ______ against your face.

A.moved B.moving C.moves D.to move

13.______ is known to all,China will be an ______ and powerful country in 20 or 30 years’ time.

A.That;advancing B.This;advanced C.As;advanced D.It;advancing

14.While shopping,people sometimes can’t help ______ into buying something they don’t really need.

A.persuade B.persuading C.being persuaded D.be persuaded

15.There was terrible noise ______ the sudden burst of light.

A.followed B.following C.to be followed D.being followed

16.Please excuse my ______ in without ______ .

A.come;permitted B.coming;permitted C.comimg;being permitted D.to come;being permitted

17.______ his head high,the manager walked into the room to attend the meeting ______ then.

A.Holding;being held B.Held;holding C.Having held;held D.Held;to be held

18.——Did you hear her ______ this pop song this time the other day?

——Yes,and I heard this song ______ in English.

A.sing;singing B.sung;sung C.sung;singing D.singing;sung

19.The question ______ now at the meeting is not the question ______ yesterday.

A.discussed;discussed B.discussing;had discussed C.being discussed;discussed D.discussing;discussing

20.With the cooking ______ ,I went on ______ some sewing.

A.done;to do B.being done;doing C.to be done;doing D.to have done;doing

21.It is no use ______ your past mistakes.

A. regretting B. regret C. to regret D. regretted

22.Her husband died in 1980 and had nothing ______ to her,only ______ her five children.

A.left;to leave B.leaving;leaving C.leaving;left D.left;leaving

23.I am very busy.I have a very difficult problem ______ .

A.to work B.to work out C.to be worked out D.to work it out

24.I would appreciate ______ back this affernoon.

A.you to call B.you call C.your calling D.you’re calling

25.Climbing mountains was ______ ,so we all felt ______ .

A.tiring;tired B.tired;tiring C.tiring;tiring D.tired;tired

26.I saw some villagers ______ on the bench at the end of the room.

A.seating B.seat C.seated D.seated themselves

27.She was glad to see her child well ______ care of.

A.take B.to be taken C.taken D.taking

28.It is one of the important problems ______ tomorrow.

A.to solve B.to be solved C.solved D.solving

29.______ maps properly,you need a special pen.

A.Drawn B.Drawing C.To draw D.Be drawing

30.There is a river ______ around our school.

A.to run B.run C.running D.to be running

31.How about the two of us ______ a walk down the garden?

A.to take B.take C.taking D.to be taken

32.I was fortunate to pick up a wallet ______ on the ground on the way back home, but unfortunately for me,I found my colour TV set. ______ when I got home.

A.lying;stolen B.laying;stealing C.lay;stolen D.lying;stealing

33.Whth the kind－hearted boy ____ me with my work,I’m sure I’ll be able to spare time ___ with your work.

A.to help;help you out B.helping;helping you C.helped;to help you out D.to help;to help you

34.Greatly movedd by her words, ______ .

A.tears came to his eyes B .he could hardly hold back his tears

C. tears could hardly be held back D. his eyes were filled with tears.

35.——I hope the children won’t touch the dog.

——I’ve warned them ______ .

A.not B.not to C.not touch D.not do

36.I would love ______ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.

A.to go B.to have gone C.going D.having gone

37.When ______ why he walked in without permission,he just stared at us and said nothing.

A.been asked B.asked C.asking D.to be asked

38.The man kept silent in the room unless ______ .

A.spoken to B.spoke to C.spoken D.to speak

39.He was often listened ______ in the next room.

A.sing B.sung C.to sing D.to to sing

40.Rather than ______ on a crowded bus,he always prefers ______ a bicycle.

A.ride;ride B.riding;ride C.ride;to ride D.to ride;riding

41.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street,but his mother told him ______ .

A.not to B.not to do C.not do it D.do not to

42.What’s troubling them is ______ enough experienced workers.

A.that they have to B.they have not C.their not having D.not their having

43.______ his telephone number,she had some difficulty getting in touch with Bill.

A.Not knowing B.Knowing not C.Not having known D.Having not know

44.Bamboo is used ______ houses in some places .

A.to build B.to building C.to be built D.being built

45.Go on ______ the other exercise after you have finished this one.

A.to do B.doing C.with D.to be doing

46.The day we looked forward to ______ .

A.come B.coming C.has come D.have come

47.Whom would you rather ______ the work?

A.to have to do B.to have do C.have to do D.have do

48.Do you think it any good ______ with him again?

A.to talk B.talking C.to talking D.having talked

49.Sometimes new ideas have to be tested many times before ______ .

A.accepting fully B.being fully accepted C.fully accepting D.fully being accepted

50.The forbids ______ such bad books.

A.published B.to publish C.publish D.publishing

51．The Olympic Games, ______ in 776 B.C,did’t include women players until 1919.

A.first playing B.to be first played C.first played D.to be first playing

52．European football is played in 80 countries, ______ it the most popular sport in the world.

A.making B.makes C.made D.to make

53．Little Jim should love ______ to the theatre this evening.

A.to be taken B.to take C.being taken D.taking

54．John was made ______ the truck for a week as a punishment.

A.to wash B.washing C.wash D.to be washing

55．The patient was warned ______ oily food after the operation.

A.to eat not B.eating not C.not to eat D.not eating

56．——I usually go there by train. ——Why not ______ by boat for a change?

A.to try going B.trying to go C.to try and go D.try going

57．______ a reply,he decided to write again.

A.Not receiving B.Receiving not C.Not having received D.Having not received

58．Charles Babbage is generally considered ______ the first computer.

A.to invent B.inventing C.to have invented D.having mvented

59．Most of the artists ______ to the party were from South Africa.

A.invited B.to invite C.being invited D.had been invited

60．The murderer was brought in,with his hands ______ behind his back.

A.being tied B.having tied C.to be tired D.tied

非谓语动词专练答案

1―5 C B D B D

6―10 C B A A A

11―15 C B C C B

16―20 C A D C A

21―25 A D B C A

26―30 C C B C C

31―35 C A D B B

36―40 B B A D C

41―45 A C A A A

46―50 C D A B D

51-55CAAAC

56-60DCCAD

非谓语动词什么时候用不定式类？什么时候用v+ing形式？

这里应该是现在分词形式作为目的伴随状语

The old man devoted all his money to this school ，enabling these students to have a better study environment.

老人把所有钱都捐了，伴随着他希望让孩子有更好学习环境这一目的。

例如The students entered the classroom, following the teacher.

也是现在分词作伴随状语，表示学生是怎么进去的，是伴随着一个怎样的状态进去的

而且当动作是主语主动发出的，用Ing形式，是被动的，用ed形式

the teacher entered the classroom, followed by the students. 被跟着

in order to, to do sth。 so as to do sth. 都表示目的

一般如果是出现在句中的，都是没有逗号的

The old man devoted all his money to this school to enable/ in order to enable / so as to enable these students to have a better study environment.

而当放在句首时，是有逗号的

In order to enable/ To enable these students to have a better study environment, the old man devoted all his money to this school . （so as to只能放句中）

ing形式貌似没有表示目的的。。。 除非这种目的伴随状语吧

to do sth. 和doing sth.一般是在这些方面转换

总的来说，to do sth.是动词的不定式，doing sth.是动名词形式

很多情况是可以转换的，意思差不多，不过运用到的语法知识有时候稍微有点不同而已

it is adj. to do sth./ doing sth. 不定式/动名词作为真正主语，it是形式主语

to do sth./ doing sth. is adj. 不定式/ 动名词作主语

sb. like to do sth./ doing sth. 不定式/动名词作宾语

很多情况是用法差不多的，但是有些特殊用法，只能使用其中一种，那类型的要自己积累了~~

如只有feel like doing sth. 想做某事

还有那些 regret to do, regret doing sth

remember/ forget to do . remember/forget doing sth. 这种意思完全不一样的

多看看慢慢会有感觉的~~

英语非谓语动词解题原则

1) 动词+ 不定式

afford. aim. appear. agree. arrange . ask . be . decide. bother . care . choose . come. dare. demand. desire. determine . expect. elect . endeavor .hope. fail . happen . help . hesitate .learn . long . mean. manage . offer . ought. plan . prepare. pretend . promise. refuse. seem. tend. wait . wish. undertake.

举例：

The driver failed to see the other car in time.

司机没能及时看见另一辆车。

I happen to know the answer to your question.

我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案。

2）动词+不定式 ；动词+宾语+不定式

ask, beg, choose, expect , hate, help intend like, love, need prefer, prepare, promise, want, wish…

I like to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢每件东西都保持整洁。

I like you to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢你使每件东西都保持整洁。

I want to speak to Tom. 我想和汤姆谈话。

I want you to speak to Tom. 我想让你和汤姆谈话。

3） 动词+疑问词+ to

decide, know, consider forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, tell

Please show us how to do that. 请演示给我们如何去做。

There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can't make up my mind which to buy.有这么多的录音机，我都拿不定主意买哪一种。

注意:疑问词带不定式在句中作成分时，谓语动词用单数。

The question is how to put it into practice.

问题是怎样把它付诸实施。

4)以下动词后，只能跟不定式作宾语。

如：agree,ask,aim,arrange,choose,decide,demand,expect,fail ,help,hope,lean,long,manage,offer,plan,prepare,

pretend,promise,refuse,wish 等，这些词大部分可接th at引导的从句。如：

I decided to ask for my money back.

I decided that I would ask for my money back.

When our visit to the farm was over,we expected to startback on foot.

When our visit to the farm was over, we expected that wewould start back on foot.

5)当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式时，先用形式宾语it代替不定式，把不定式置于补语之后，即：主语＋动 词＋it＋补语＋to do句式。如：

We think it quite important for us to learn a foreignlanguage well.

He feels it his duty to help the poor.

二、作补语

1) 动词+宾语+不定式(to do)

advise allow appoint believe cause challenge command compel consider declare drive enable encourage find forbid force guess hire imagine impel induce inform instruct invite judge know like order permit persuade remind report request require select send state suppose tell think train trust understand urge warn

例句：

a. Father will not allow us to play on the street.

父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。

b. We believe him to be guilty.

我们相信他是有罪的。

Find 的特殊用法：

Find 后可用分词做宾补，或先加形式宾语，再加形容词，最后加带to 的动词不定式。find后也可带一个从句。此类动词还有get，have。

I found him lying on the ground.

I found it important to learn.

I found that to learn English is important.

2) to + be 的不定式结构，作补语的动词。

Acknowledge, believe, consider, think, declare(声称), discover, fancy(设想), feel find, guess, judge, imagine, know, prove, see(理解), show, suppose, take(以为), understand

We consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class.

我们认为汤姆是班上最好的学生之一。

3) to be +形容词

Seem, appear, be said, be supposed, be believed, be thought, be known, be reported, hope, wish, desire, want, plan, expect, mean…

The book is believed to be uninteresting.

人们认为这本书没什么意思。

4) there be+不定式

believe, expect, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, want, wish, undrstand

We didn't expect there to be so many people there.我们没料到会有那么多人在哪里。

有些动词需用as 短语做补语，如regard, think believe, take, consider.

We regard Tom as our best teacher. 我们认为汤姆是我们最好的老师。

Mary took him as her father . 玛丽把他当作自己的父亲。

三、作主语

动词不定式作主语时，句子的谓语动词常用单数，其位置有以下两种：

(1)把不定式置于句首。如：

To get there by bike will take us half an hour.

(2)用it作形式主语，把真正的主语不定式置于句后，常用于下列句式中。如：

①It＋be＋名词＋to do

It's our duty to take good care of the old.

②It takes sb+some time+to do

How long did it take you to finish the work?

③It＋be＋形容词＋for sb＋to do

It is difficult for us to finish writing the compositionin a quarter of an hour.

④It＋be＋形容词＋of sb＋to do

It is stupid of you to write down everything the teachersays.

⑤It seems(appears)＋形容词＋to do

It seemed impossible to save money.

在句型③中，常用表示客观情况的形容词，如：difficult,easy,hard,important,impossible,necessary 等；在句型④中，常用careless,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wise等 表示赞扬或批评的词。在不定式前的sb，可看作其逻辑主语。这一句式有时相当于Sb is＋形容词＋to do句式 ，如：It'skind of you to help me with my English.=You are kind to helpme with my English.

(3)举例

1） It's easy (for me) to do that.我做这事太容易了

easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, impossible, comfortable, necessary, better;

the first, the next, the last, the best, too much, too little, not enough

It's so nice to hear your voice.

听到你的声音真高兴。

It's necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it.

当你不用车的时候，锁车是有必要的。

2) It's very kind of you to help us. 他帮助我们，他真好。

Kind, nice, stupid, rude, clever, foolish, thoughtful, thoughtless, brave, considerate(考虑周到的), silly, selfish(自私的)

例句:

It was silly of us to believe him. 我们真愚蠢，竟然相信了他。

It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything. 他不给他们任何东西，这显得太自私了。

注意：1) 其他系动词如，look，appear等也可用于此句型

2) 不定式作为句子成分时，动词用单数形式。

3) 当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时，不能用It is… to…的句型

(对)To see is to believe. 百闻不如一见。

(错)It is to believe to see.

四、作表语

不定式作表语表示具体动作或将来动作；动名词作表语表示抽象的一般行为。

①To be kind to the enemy is to be cruel to the people.

②My chief purpose is to point out the difficulties ofthe matter.

③What I would suggest is to put off the meeting.

当主语和表语都是不定式时，其含义一是条件，一是结果（例①）。当主语是aim,duty,hope,idea,mista ke,plan,purpose,suggestion等为中心词的名词词组（例②）时，或以what引导的名词性分句（例③），不定 式说明主语的内容。

④Our work is serving the people.

⑤What he likes is taking a walk after supper.

⑥The story told by Mr.Wang is interesting.

④⑤句动名词作表语，与主语部分可以转换，如Serving thepeople is our work,而⑥句中是现在分词作 表语，说明主语的性质、状态，现在分词具有形容词的各种特征，另外，动名词作表语还应与进行时态区别开 来。

五、作定语

⒈不定式作定语

不定式在句中作定语，置于被修饰的名词或代词之后。如：

①The next train to arrive is from Washington.

②Have you anything to be taken to your sister?

③Do you have anything to say on the question?

④Would you please give me some paper to write on?

⑤My wish to visit France has come true at last.

不定式短语作定语和被修饰词之间表示以下关系：

(1)表示将来的动作（例①）。

(2)与被修饰词之间有动宾关系，如是不及物动词，则需加介词（例④）。

(3)与被修饰词之间有动宾关系，同时与句中其它词之间又有逻辑上的主谓关系时，尽管有被动含义，却仍 用主动语态（例③）；如只有动宾关系，而无逻辑上的主谓关系，则需用被动语态（例②）。

(4)不定式作定语时，一般可转换为定语从句，例①to arrive=that will arrive。

六、作状语

1）目的状语

To… only to (仅仅为了), in order to, so as to, so(such)… as to… (如此……以便……)

He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. 他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。

I come here only to say good-bye to you. 我来仅仅是向你告别。

2）作结果状语，表事先没有预料到的，要放在句子后面。

What have I said to make you angry.

He searched the room only to find nothing.

3) 表原因

I'm glad to see you.

省to 的动词不定式

1） 情态动词 ( 除ought 外，ought to)：

2） 使役动词 let, have, make：

3） 感官动词 see, watch, look at, notice , observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后作宾补，省略to。

注意：在被动语态中则to 不能省掉。

I saw him dance.

=He was seen to dance.

The boss made them work the whole night.

=They were made to work the whole night.

4） 表示个人意愿或倾向的would rather，had better，might(just) as well：rather than置于句首时。

Rather than ride on a crowded bus,he always prefers to ride a bike.

5） Why… / why not…：

6） help 可带to，也可不带to, help sb (to) do sth：

7） but和except：but前是动词do时，后面出现的动词用不带to的动词不定式。

8） 由and, or和than连接的两个不定式，第二个to 可以省去：

9） 通常在discover, imagine, suppose, think, understand等词后，可以省去to be：

He is supposed (to be) nice. 他应该是个好人。

10）but作介词，后接不定式结构时，前面谓语动词部分若含有do的形式时，but后的不定式要省去to，否则要带to。

He wants to do nothing but go out.

He wants to believe anything but to take the medicine.

11）当两个或多个不定时短语由连词and，but或or连接时，后一个或几个不定式符号to常省略。但若表示对比、对照关系时，则不能省略。

He wants to move to France and marry the girl.

The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier,not to make it more difficult.

12）不定式做表语时，一般要带to，但若主语部分中含有do的各种形式时，符号to可省去。

We've missed the last bus.All we could do now is walk home.

动词不定式的否定式

Tell him not to shut the window…

She pretended not to see me when I passed by. 我走过的时候，她假装没看见。

不定式的特殊句型

1、不定式的特殊句型so as to

1） 表示目的；它的否定式是so as not to do。

Tom kept quiet about the accident so as not to lose his job.

汤姆对事故保持沉默是为了不丢掉他的工作。

Go in quietly so as not to wake the baby.

轻点进去，别惊醒了婴儿。

2) so kind as to ---劳驾

Would you be so kind as to tell me the time?

劳驾，现在几点了。

2、 "Why not +动词原形"表达向某人提出建议

"为什么不……?" "干吗不……?"

例如：

Why not take a holiday?

干吗不去度假?

3、It's for sb.和 It's of sb.

1）for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等：

It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。

2）of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。

It's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。

for 与of 的辨别方法：

用介词后面的代词作主语，用介词前边的形容词作表语，造个句子。如果道理上通顺用of，不通则用for。如：

You are nice. (通顺，所以应用of)。

He is hard. (人是困难的，不通，因此应用for。)

4、不定式的特殊句型too…to…

1）too…to 太…以至于…

He is too excited to speak.

他太激动了，说不出话来。

---- Can I help you ? 需要我帮忙吗?

---- Well, I'm afraid the box is too heavy for you to carry it, but thank you all the same. 不用了。这箱子太重，恐怕你搬不动。谢谢您。

2) 如在too前有否定词，则整个句子用否定词表达肯定， too 后那个词表达一种委婉含义，意 为"不太"。

It's never too late to mend. (谚语)

改过不嫌晚。

3) 当too 前面有only, all, but时，意思是：非常… 等于very。

I'm only too pleased to be able to help you. 我非常高兴能帮助你。

He was but too eager to get home. 他非常想回家。动词不定式的"to"与介词的"to"区别 to 有两种用法：

一为不定式+动词原形；

一为介词+名词/动名词, to 在下面的用法中是第二种，即to+ 名词/动名词：

admit to承认，confess to承认，be accustomed to 习惯于，be used to 习惯于， stick to 坚持， turn to开始，着手于， devote oneself to 献身于， be devoted to 致力于， look forward to 盼望，pay attention to 注意

介词but,except,besides+to do(do)

在这种句型中，如介词前有动词do，后面应接不带to的不定式；如无do，则接to不定式，即带do不带to， 带to不带do。如：

The enemy soldiers had no choice but to give in.

On Sunday afternoon I had nothing to do but watch TV.

动词不定式与动名词区别与联系

1） 动名词与不定式的区别：

动名词表达的是： 状态，性质，心境，抽象，经常性，已发生的 不定式表达的是： 目的，结果，原因，具体，一次性，将发生的

2） 接不定式或动名词，意义相同。

3)在下列情况下，一般要用不定式：

①hate,like,love前有would(should)时，如：I'd like to have a cup of coffee.

②当谓语动词begin,continue,start等是进行式时，如：Thestudents are starting to work on the di fficult maths problem.

③begin,continue,start与know,understand等状态动词连用时，如：I soon began to understand what was happening.

⒋advise,allow,encourage,forbid,permit等动词后接动名词作宾语，或带不定式作宾语补足语。如：

Our teachers don't permit our/us swimming in the lake.

Our teachers don't permit us to swim in the lake.

4） 部分动词后接不定式或动名词时，意义差别较大，应根据句子语境选择使用。

①forget,remember,regret后接不定式，表示现在或未来的动作，接动名词表示动作已经发生。如：

Don't forget fo post the letter for me.

Have you forgotten meeting her in Beijing Airport?

Remember to close the windows before you leave.

I remember writing him a letter a year ago.

We regret to tell you that all of you are not invited toattend the meeting.

They regretted ordering these books from abroad.

动名词与不定式语义不同的有11 组：

1 stop to do stop doing

2 forget to do forget doing

3 remember to do remember doing

4 regret to do regret doing

5 cease to do cease doing

6 try to do try doing

7 go on to do go on doing

8 afraid to do afraid doing

9 interested to do interested doing

10 mean to do mean doing

11 begin/ start to do begin/ start doing

1 forget doing/to do

forget to do 忘记要去做某事。 (未做)

forget doing 忘记做过某事。 (已做)

The light in the office is stil on. He forgot to turn it off.

办公室的灯还在亮着，它忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作)

He forgot turning the light off.

他忘记他已经关了灯了。 ( 已做过关灯的动作)

Don't forget to come tomorrow.

别忘了明天来。 (to come动作未做)

2 stop doing/to do

stop to do 停止，中断做某事后去做另一件事。

stop doing 停止做某事。

They stop to smoke a cigarette. 他们停下来，抽了根烟。

I must stop smoking.. 我必须戒烟了。

3 remember doing/to do

remember to do 记得去做某事 (未做)

remember doing 记得做过某事 (已做)

Remember to go to the post office after school.

记着放学后去趟邮局。

Don't you remember seeing the man before?

你不记得以前见过那个人吗?

4 regret doing/to do

regret to do 对要做的事遗憾。 (未做)

regret doing 对做过的事遗憾、后悔。 (已做)

I regret to have to do this, but I have no choice.

我很遗憾必须这样去做，我实在没有办法。

I don't regret telling her what I thought.

我不为告诉她我的想法而后悔。

5 cease doing/to do

cease to do 长时间，甚至永远停做某事。

cease doing 短时停止做某事，以后还会接着做。

That department has ceased to exist forever.

那个部门已不复存在。

The girls ceased chatting for a moment when their teacher passed by.

姑娘们在老师走过时，停了会聊天。

6 try doing/to do

try to do 努力，企图做某事。

try doing 试验，试着做某事。

You must try to be more careful.

你可要多加小心。

I tried gardening but didn't succeed.

我试着种果木花卉，但未成功。

7 go on doing/to do

go on to do 做了一件事后，接着做另一件事。

go on doing 继续做原来做的事。

After he had finished his maths，he went on to do his physics.

做完数学后，他接着去做物理。

Go on doing the other exercise after you have finished this one.

作完这个练习后，接着做其他的练习

8 be afraid doing/to do

be afraid to do 不敢，胆怯去做某事，是主观上的原因不去做，意为"怕"；

be afraid of doing 担心出现doing的状况、结果。 doing 是客观上造成的，意为"生怕，恐怕"。

She was afraid to step further in grass because she was afraid of being

bitten by a snake.

她生怕被蛇咬着，而不敢在草丛中再走一步。

She was afraid to wake her husband.

她不敢去叫醒她丈夫。

She was afraid of waking her husband.

她生怕吵醒她丈夫。

.9 be interested doing/to do

interested to do 对做某事感兴趣，想了解某事。

interested in doing 对某种想法感兴趣，doing 通常为想法。

I shall be interested to know what happens.

我很想知道发生了什么事。 (想了解)

I'm interested in working in Switzerland. Do you have any idea about that?

我对在瑞士工作感兴趣。你想过这事吗? (一种想法)

10 mean to doing/to do

mean to do 打算、想

mean doing 意味着

I mean to go, but my father would not allow me to.

我想去，但是我父亲不肯让我去。

To raise wage means increasing purchasing power.

赠加工资意味着增加购买力。

11 begin(start) doing/to do

begin / start to do sth

begin / start doing sth.

1) 谈及一项长期活动或开始一种习惯时，使用doing.

How old were you when you first started playing the piano?

你几岁时开始弹钢琴？

2) begin, start用进行时时，后面动词用不定式to do

I was beginning to get angry。

我开始生起气来。

3) 在attempt, intend, begin, start 后接know, understand, realize这类动词时，常用不定式to

do。

I begin to understand the truth。

我开始明白真相。

4) 物作主语时

It began to melt.

非谓语动词

英语非谓语动词解题原则

　导语：非谓语动词主要包括to do, -ing和-ed三种形式，可是其用法非常广泛，它不仅是高考单项选择题测试的一个重点，而且也是完形填空、阅读理解、短文改错的重要考查内容。下面是我整理的英语非谓语动词解题原则，欢迎参考!

　原则一、两个句子必须要用连词连接，如果没有连词连接，则需要用非谓语动词

　例1. _________ many times, but he still couldn't understand it.

　A. Having been told B. Having told

　C. He had been told D. Though he had been told

　例2._________ many times, he still couldn't understand it.

　A. Having been told B. Having told

　C. He had been told D. Though he had told

　解析：例1中有连词but连接，表明前后都是句子，所以答案为C。

　例2中后面是一个句子，而且没有连词，所以前面不是句子，应该用非谓语动词，根据句意此处为被动，所以答案为A。

　原则二、不及物动词无-ed形式非谓语动词，及物动词有宾语时用-ing形式，无宾语时用-ed形式

　例3. ____________ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police.

　A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing

　解析：lose为及物动词，现在后面没有宾语，所以用-ed形式，答案为B。

　例4. __________, I really believe that I'd prefer not to make any change now.

　A. Considered all the possibilities

　B. Taking all the possibilities into consideration

　C. Taken all the possibilities into consideration

　D. Giving all the possibilities

　解析：把。。。考虑进来结构为take sth into consideration，现在take后面有宾语all the possibilities，所以用-ing形式，答案为B。

　原则三、being done 表示?正在被?，一般不作状语，只作定语。非谓语动词的完成时形式to have done或having done强调该动作发生在句子谓语动词之前

　例5. __ to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead.

　A. Fail B. Failed C. To fail D. Having failed

　解析：根据句意?我们没有打通电话，就给他们发了个邮件?，没有打通电话应该发生在发邮件之前，所以用having done，答案为D。

　例6. Tim Bemers-Lee is generally considered _____ the World Wide Web, on which all the information is shared by all.

　A. to have founded B. having founded

　C. founding D. to found

　解析：根据句意，Tim Bemers-Lee创立万维网应该是过去的事情，而且be considered后面应该用动词不定式，所以应该用to have done，答案为A。

　原则四、非谓语动词作定语时，表示将来用-to do，表正在进行用-ing，表示已经完成用-ed

　例7. The play_____ next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture.

　A.produced B.being produced

　C.to be produced D.having been produced

　解析：根据本题中的时间状语next month，可知the play将要于下月被创作出来，表将来应该用to do，所以答案为C。

　例8.The trees _____ in the storm have been moved off the road.

　A. being blown down B. blown down

　C. blowing down D. to blow down

　解析：根据句意?被暴风雨刮倒的树已经从路上移走了?，树被刮倒是过去已经完成的动作，表已经完成用-ed形式，所以答案为B。

　原则五、介词后跟-ing形式，可以在-ing前加逻辑主语

　例9. The discovery of new evidence led to ______________.

　A. the thief having been caught B. the thief to be caught

　C. catch the thief D. the thief being caught

　解析：本题led to中的to是介词，后面应该用-ing形式，the thief作-ing的逻辑主语，所以答案为D。

　例10. At the beginning of class, the noise of desks ____ could be heard outside the classroom.

　A. opened and closed B. to be opened and closed

　C. being opened and closed D. to open and close

　解析：本题the noise of中的of是介词，后面应该用-ing形式，desks作-ing的逻辑主语，所以答案为C。

　原则六、-ing形式或to do可作主语或宾语，-ed形式则不可以

　例11. ___________ in a heavy traffic jam is quite an unpleasant experience.

　A. Caught B. Having caught C. Being caught D. To catch

　解析：本题中is为系动词，前面应该作主语，用-ing形式，所以答案为C。

　例12 ___twice a year, whether it is a car or a bus or a truck, is the rule that every driver must obey in this city.

　A. Examining B. Examined

　C. Being examined D. Having been examined

　解析：本题中is为系动词，前面应该作主语，用-ing形式，所以答案为C。

　原则七、be+-ed+介词结构常可把be去掉保留-ed+介词做状语

　例13Michael's new house is like a huge palace, ______with his old one.

　A. comparing B. compares C. to compare D. compared

　解析：?和。。。相比较?结构为be compared with，现在做句子的状语，所以只保留非谓语动词，把动词be去掉，答案为D。

　例14 _______ with a difficult situation, Arnold decided to ask his boss for advice.

　A. To face B. Having faced C. Faced D. Facing

　解析：?面对?结构为be faced with, 现在做句子的状语，所以只保留非谓语动词，把动词be去掉，答案为C。

　原则八、非谓语动词作状语，其逻辑主语必须和句子主语保持一致，和句子主语构成主谓关系时用-ing形式，构成动宾关系是用-ed形式。其逻辑主语和句子主语不一致时，要在非谓语动词前加逻辑主语，构成独立主格结构

　例15. ____ twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we changed our dog.

　A. Being bitten B. Bitten C. Having bitten D. To be bitten

　解析：本题考查非谓语动词作状语，其逻辑主语应和句子主语the postman一致，the postman应该是被咬，所以答案为B。

　例16._______ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring.

　A. To walk. B. Walking C. Walked D. Having walked

　解析：本题考查非谓语动词作状语，其逻辑主语应和句子主语he一致, he 和walk应该是主动关系，所以答案为B。

　例17. While watching television, __________.

　A. the doorbell rang B. the doorbell rings

　C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rings

　解析：根据?非谓语动词作状语，其逻辑主语必须和句子主语保持一致?的原则，watching的逻辑主语应和后面句子主语一致，所以句子主语应为?we?，答案为C。

　例18. The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons ____ for the day.

　A. finishing B. finished C. had finished D. were finished

　解析：本题没有连词，所以后面应用非谓语动词，the lessons是非谓语动词的逻辑主语，和非谓语动词构成独立主格结构。根据句意应是?被完成?，所以答案为B。

　原则九、不定式做状语一般有两种：目的状语和出乎意料的结果状语(表示顺其自然的结果用-ing形式)。另外，某些形容词(表喜、怒、哀、乐)做表语后跟不定式可以表示原因

　例19._____, you need to give all you have and try your best.

　A. Being a winner B. To be a winner

　C. Be a winner D. Having been a winner

　解析：根据句意?要想成为获胜者，你要付出所有，尽最大努力?，此处表目的`，所以答案为B。

　例20. The news reporters hurried to the airport, only _______ the film stars had left.

　A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told

　解析：本句句意为?记者们匆匆赶到机场，却被告知明星们已经走了?，表出乎意料的结果常常用only to do，所以答案为B。

　例21. The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance, ________ in the natural light during the day.

　A. to let B. letting C. let D. having let

　解析：本题句意为?玻璃门替换了木头门，自然光就进来了?，自然光进来时顺其自然的结果，所以用doing, 答案为B。

　例22.How glad I am ___________ you!

　A. seeing B. to see C. saw D. having seen

　解析： 本题是I am glad to see you 的感叹句形式，to see you 是原因状语，答案为B。

　原则十、 非谓语动词的否定原则是在非谓语动词前加not，有not to do, not doing, not having done, not to have done几种形式

　例23______that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest.

　A. Not realized B. Not to realize

　C. Not realizing D. Not to have realized

　解析： 本题考查doing的否定形式not doing，答案为 C。

　例24. What worried him most was ______ to visit his sick child.

　A. his being not allowed B. his not being allowed

　C. his not allowing D. having not been allowed

　解析：本题考查being done的否定形式not being done; his 为not being done的逻辑主语，所以答

　案为B。

　例25. Sarah has decided ________ away on holiday this summer.

　A. don't go B. to not go C. not going D. not to go

　解析：本题考查to do的否定形式not to do, 所以答案为D。

;

Seen

from

the

top

of

the

hill,___________.

A.the

park

looks

even

more

beautiful

B.the

park

is

found

more

beautiful

C.we

find

the

park

even

more

beautiful

D.our

attention

is

drawn

by

its

beauty

我现在理解由于seen为动词-ed形式，其逻辑主语为物，所以答案应定为在A、B中，而我觉得B选项这个公园被看起来更加漂亮也符合被动语态，所以迷惑了，恳请各位大侠帮帮忙!谢谢!非常!

答:这是一道设计有误的题。我可以肯定，它不会是高考题，不是中考题，也不是统考题!

你说的对。答案在AB之间。因为seen的逻辑主语是the

park.

AB两句都是语法正确的句子。不因该这样出题的。

理由:我们常用这两个例句对比说明什么时候用过去分词，什么时候用现在分词:

Seen

from

the

top

of

the

hill,

the

park

looks(/is)

very

beautiful.

Seeing

from

the

top

of

the

hill,

we

find

the

park

very

beautiful.

前一句相当于:When

it

is

seen

from

...

后一句相当于:When

we

see

from

....

第二句话中的主句也可以改为被动语态:The

park

is

found

very

beautiful.

在这种情况下，分词短语就得用Seen

from

the

top

of

the

hill,

了。

是的，可以说,B句是将:

When

we

see

from

the

top

of

the

hill,

we

find

the

park

very

beautiful.

主从句都改为被动句的结果:

When

it

is

seen

from

the

top

of

the

hill,

the

park

is

found

very

beautiful.

-->Seen

from

the

top

of

the

hill,

the

park

is

found

very

beautiful.

当然，汉语不喜欢用被动语态。翻译时，还是用主动的:

从山顶看，发现这公园很美。

PS:

网上相关题目:

_____from

the

top

of

the

hill,

the

city

looks

very

small

A

To

see

B

Seen

D

To

been

seen

D

Seeing

大部分例句都是类似:

Seen

from

the

top

of

the

hill,the

city

looks

beautiful.

之类的句子。

B句是出题者自编的，以为不正确的句子。

当然，A是佳。