英语高考从句合集_英语从句高考题

1.高考题，定语从句。（2010¤海南五校联考）横线分别填：that，when。告诉原因，详细一点。谢谢

2.英语：高考试题。求讲解。

3.关于英语的从句问题

B

名词性从句

要点精讲

高考重点要求

1．掌握主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、表语从句的基本句型结构。

2．弄清名词性从句的连词意义，掌握其用法。

3．根据句子语义确定使用何种从属连词。

名词从句分为：主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、表语从句。我们看一下它们的属性。

如：that he failed the entrance examination

1)________made all of us surprised.

2)He told me ________.

3)The result is _______.

4)The news _____surprised me.

我们在四个句子中可以填入that he failed the entrance examination这个句子，发现都可成立。从上例不难看出，从本质上讲，这四类句子的属性是相同的，即：都起名词作用，只不过称谓不同,在整个句子中担当成分不同而已。

纵观几年高考，对复合句的考查重在连词，名词从句也不例外，基本上是针对引导词设题。

引导词的分类：

1．连接代词：what , who ,whom ,whose , which ，whatever,whoever,whichever,且这些词在从句中担当主、宾、表、定语作用。

2．连接副词：why, when , where, how 在从句中充当时间、地点、原因、方式、程度状语。

whether , if 在从句中不充当成分，但整个句式中不可缺少，用以体现事件的不确定性。

3．that 是名词从句中一个很活跃的词，但它只起连接作用，陈述某一事实，引导宾语从句时某些情况可以省略。

针对如下情况，可进行对比：

1)______he will come to call on is uncertain .

2)_______he will come to call on us is uncertain.

3)_____ he will come to call on us makes us unhappy.

从第一句中我们可以看出主语从句本身并不完整，缺少call on 的宾语，应加who;

第二句中表语为uncertain ,可知主语部分为未知信息，可加入when, why ,how ,whether 等;

第三句表一种已知事实，故应加入that 。

二．that ,whether, if 在名词从句中的使用情况

1．that 在宾从中大多数情况下可以省略，在主、宾、表中不可省去。

但注意以下宾从中that 不可省。

I know nothing of him except that he is from Henan.(介词后宾从中的that不可省)

2．whether ,if 宾语从句中可换用，但在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中不可用if。

但注意在宾语从句中不能用if 的情况：

It all depends on whether they will support us. (从句作介词宾语时不可用if)

He doesn't know whether to stay or not. （后直接跟不定式时，不能用if）

Please let me know if you like it.(这句是有双重意思的，如果视为宾语从句，就应换为whether.否则就引起歧义。

三．从句的区分

1)He tells me his idea ___we reduce the cost .

2)We are discussing the idea____he came up with yesterday.

第一句中we reduce the cost 应视为是idea 内容的一种说明，是同位语从句，而第二句中idea 可视为come up with 的宾语，缺少引导定从的关系代词that 或which ,当然可以省去关系代词。

四．分类复习中应注意的问题：

1.在主语从句中it 的使用

That he will come to the party is certain。表意上并没有错误，但实际上并不太符合用语习惯，因此采用it 作形式主语，使句式平衡。

It is certain that he will come to the party.

同样道理，it 也可用作形式宾语。

2．宾语从句中的情况

1）时态的呼应问题。

2）特殊句式：

动词suggest, insist, demand, order ,request, require等引起的从句需用虚拟句式

主语+should +原形动词,should也可省。

He suggested that we should pay a visit to that town.(建议)

但注意：

What he said suggested that he had known the truth.(表明)

同样，insist

He insisted that we do it at once.(坚持要做)

He insisted that he had done nothing wrong.(坚持说一种事实)

wish 引起从句时从句中时态常转为过去时态。

I wish that there were no examinations in school.

How he wishes he had worked hard in junior middle school!

Whatever与no matter what

It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wants．

A．whatever B．no matter what

C．whenever D．no matter when

此题应选A。容易误选B。选项C，D显然是错的，因为句中的wants缺宾语，而C，D两项不能作宾语。至于C，D的区别，可这样描述：no matter what只能引导状语从句，而不引导名词性从句。而whatever既可引导名词性从句（＝anything that），也可引导状语从句（＝no matter what）：

1．引导名词性从句（只用whatever）：

无论他做什么都是对的。

正：Whatever he did was right．

误：No matter what he did was right．

山羊找到什么就吃什么。

正：Goats eat whatever they find．

误：Goats eat no matter what they find．

2．引导状语从句（两者可换用）：

无论你说什么，我都不会相信你。

正：Whatever you say，I won't believe you．

正：No matter what you say，I won't believe you．

无论发生什么，都要保持镇定。

正：Keep calm，whatever happens．

正：Keep calm，no matter what happens．

如何区分引导名词性从句的what, that

—I think ____ he needs is more practice．

—Yes． ____ he needs more practice is clear．

A．what， What B．that，That

C．what， That D．that， What

此题应选C。其余三项均可能被误选。What和that都可以引导名词性从句，但有区别：

1．what引导名词从句时，它在从句中要充当句子成分（主语、宾语等），而that引导名词从句时，它在从句中不能充当句子成分。

2．what引导名词从句时，它有词义（表示：什么；所…的[东西]）；而that引导名词从句时，它没有词义。

请做以下试题，注意区别what和that：

1． ____ you said is different from the thing ____ he told us．

A．What，what B．That，that

C．What，that D．That，what

2．—I think he said is true．

—But don't forget the fact ____ he is a cheat．

A．what，what B．that，that

C．what，that D．that，what

3． ____ surprised us most is ____ he spoke English so well．

A．What，what B．That，that C．What，that

1．C 2．C 3．C

引导名词从句的whether与that

____ we'll go camping tomorrow depenps on the weather．

A．If B．Whether C．That D．When

此题应选B。容易误选A，C。

1．关于if与whether：两者都可引导宾语从句，常可换用；但若引导主语从句，则用whether（不用if），排除A。又如：

他是否会来还是个问题。

误：If he will come is a question．

正：Whether he will come is a question．

2．关于whether和that：两者都可引导主语从句，其区别主要应从句意来考虑：whether表示“是否”，由它引导的主语从句的意思通常是不确定的；that引导主语从句时，本身没有词义（that 在其它名词性从句中也没有词义），但是由that引导的整个主语从句的意思通常是确定的。试比较：

1．a．That we'll hold a meeting is decided．我们要召开一次会议，这已决定了。

b．Whether we'll hold a meeting is not decided．我们是否要开一个会，这还没有决定。

2．a．That he has left here is clear．他已离开了这儿，这点很清楚。

b．Whether he has left here is not clear．他是否已离开这儿，这还不清楚。

3．a．That he can finish it in two hours is clear．

b．whether he can finish it in two hours is a question．

引导名词性从句的what

____ he said at the meeting astonished everyone present．

A．What B．That C．If D．Whether

此题应选A。选项C（if）显然不能选，因为if通常不能引导主语从句；选项B（that）和D（whether）虽然都可以引导主语从句，但两者除了意思不合题意外，还有它们在主语从句中都不充当句子成分，而此句中的he said缺宾语。

在名词性从句中，what根据情况不同，可能有两方面的用法和意思：

1．用作连接代词，表示“什么”（由疑问词变来）：

I don't know what he gave her．我不知道他给了她什么。

What he will say at the meeting is not known to us．他在会上将说些什么，我们还不知道。

2．表示“所…的（东西）”，在结构上相当于一个名词加一个定语从句（所以有人称这样用的what为关系代词型的what）：

把你买的东西拿给我看。

Show me what you bought．

→Show me the thing that you bought．

这是他想要的东西。

This is what he wants．

→This is the thing that he wants．

我们需要的是钱。

What we need is money．

→The thing that we need is money．

宾语从句疑难扫描

宾语从句的一般用法同学们一定已经掌握了，现对其疑难点进行讲解，以便你得心应手地使用它。

1. 引导词that的取舍

that引导宾语从句时，特别是在口语中 that常可省略。但在下列情况下，引导宾语从句的that一般不省略。

1）当由两个或两个以上的that引导的从句作同一个动词或介词的宾语时，第二个以及以后从句中的that不宜省略。如：

He said（that）he couldn't tell you right away and that you wouldn't understand．

2）当动词think， make，feel，consider等后用it作形式宾语来代替that引导的宾语从句时。如：

We think it necessary that we should practise spoken English every day．

3）当that引导的宾语从句中的状语紧接that时。如：

He said that even if it rained，he would be able to come．

2．引导词whether和if的选用

二者引导宾语从句时，一般可换用。但在下列情况下，通常只能用whether而不能用if。

1）在动词discuss和介词后作宾语时。如：

We discussed whether we should close the shop．

It all depends on whether they will support us．

2）在引导词后紧接or not时。如：

We didn't know whether or not she was ready．（比较：We didn't know whether／if she was ready or not．）

3）当用if易引起歧义时。如：

Please let me know whether you likeit．（若该句用if，也可理解为：如果你喜欢它，请告诉我。）

3. 从句中谓语动词时态的选择

一般地说，当主句谓语动词使用的是过去的时态时，后面宾语从句中的时态要受主句时态的限制，用相应的过去时态。但若宾语从句所表示的是客观真理（规律）或人和物的经常性、习惯性以及阶段性的动作或事实时，则从句的时态不受主句时态的限制。这种情况下从句常用一般现在时。如：

When I was a boy，my teacher told me that the earth is round．

He told me he goes to the park every day．

4．从句中使用虚拟语气的场合

1）在表示建议（suggest），要求（demand，insist）和命令（order）等动词后的宾语从句中，常用“（should）＋动词原形”的形式来表示虚拟语气。如：

I suggest that we（should）have a rest now．

2）表示愿望的wish后的宾语从句中须用虚拟语气。如：

I wish I could fly．（用过去式表示与现在事实相反的愿望）

I wish I had known it before．（用过去完成式表示过去未实现的愿望）

I wish you would stay a little longer．（用would或would ＋动词原形来表示将来的愿望）

5. 含宾语从句的疑难句型

1）I／We don't think ＋宾语从句

这是一个常见的否定转移句型。使用时常把宾语从句中的否定词not移至主句中，即主句谓语用否定式而从句谓语则用肯定式。该结构常译为“我（我们）认为……不……”。如：

We don't think there is anything of interest in your pictures．我们认为你的画并没有什么有趣的地方。

2）疑问词（what，how，who等）＋do you think ＋其它句子成分

这是一个复杂特殊疑问句。它由一个一般疑问句（do you think）和一个特殊疑问句（疑问词＋其它句子成分）合并而成。如：

When do you think he will be back？你认为他会什么时候回来呢？

注：常用于上面两结构的主句动词除think外，还有believe，suppose，imagine等。

高考题，定语从句。（2010¤海南五校联考）横线分别填：that，when。告诉原因，详细一点。谢谢

选C，___to the mainland by a bridge是插入语，与主语island形成动宾关系，因此选用被动joined.

A bridge joins the island to the mainland .

英语：高考试题。求讲解。

1. 句子主干是：The moment is ____ Mr. Smith gave him a lot of valuable advise on how to improve his writing.

2. 主句主语the moment被定语从句____ John will never forget所修饰。

关系代词that代替先行词the moment，在定语从句中充当forget的宾语，指物。

即定语从句变化为：that John will never forget

= John will never forget that

= John will never forget the moment

3. 而主句的谓语即系动词is后面是一个表语从句。

该表语从句Mr.Smith gave him a lot of valuable advise on how to improve his writing中缺少一个时间状语，所以用when引导，而且刚好也和主语the moment对应，指一个时刻。

表语从句类似于宾语从句，都是名词性从句。而且此表语从句的引导词when可以翻译为“...的时候/刻”。

4. 翻译：约翰永远都不会忘记的时刻，是史密斯先生给了他很多关于如何改进写作的有价值的建议的那个时候/刻。

关于英语的从句问题

答案：B.

翻译：花了大量的辛苦工作和精巧的计划，才把我公司建设成现在/今日这个样子。

解释：

1. 句子采用it take sth to do sth句型，其后的to do sth即to build my company to ____ it is today.

该不定式短语中含有固定搭配build sth to sth“把...建设成...”，即____ it is today必须是一个名词性成分sth.

所以，该成分必须是一个名词性从句（准确地说是：介词to后面的宾语从句）。

2. 而宾语从句的引导词分为三种：that, if/whether及特殊疑问词。

如果该宾语从句不缺少任何成分，则以that引导。that只起引导作用，没有实际含义，在从句中不充当任何成分。如：I don't know that you are a teacher.

如果该宾语从句缺少表述“是否”的疑问，则用if/whether引导。如：I want to know if/whether you are a teacher.

如果宾语从句缺少其他成分，则使用相应的可以代换该成分的特殊疑问词引导。如：I don't know what you did yesterday.

3. 再返回到该题，宾语从句__ it is today中，is后面明显缺少一个表sth的表语，所以用what代换并做引导词，即正确答为B。

答案A中，which如果引导名词性从句，意思是“哪一个...”，句意不通：“把我们公司建设成它现在是的哪一个”？

如：I don't know which I should choose.

答案C中，that如果引导名词性从句，则它没有实际含义，也不充当从句成分，但是该句中的is后面缺少表语，排除。

答案D中，where如果引导名词性从句，意思是“...的地方”，句意不通：“把我们公司建设成它今天所在的地方”？

状语从句是高考的热点，也是一个难点，下面就高考试题 分析一下考点。

一． 注意连接词的选用

用作状语的从句叫做状语从句。根据其用途，状语从句可分为时间、地点、方式、条件，原因、让步、目的、结果及比较状语从句等。不同的状语从句使用不同的连接词，有时同一个连接词可连接不同的状语从句，表示不同的意义。在历年高考中，状语从句考的较多的是时间状语从句，其次是地点状语从句和方式状语从句。

考例：

1．I didn’t manage to do it __ you had explained now. (MET1987)

A. until B. unless C. when D. before (A)

2.-What was the party like ?

-Wonderful. It’s years ___I enjoyed myself so much (MET1993)

A. after B. before C. when D. since (D)

3.-I’m going to the post office.

-____you ‘re there, can you get me some stamps? (MET1999)

A. as B. while C. because D. If (B)

4. After the war, a new school building was put up ___there had once been a theatre.(MET1997)

A. that B. where C. which D. when (B)

5.____ you call me to say you’re not coming, I’ll see you at the theatre.(2004 全国卷二)

A. though B. whether C. until D. unless （D）

二．注意主句和状语从句的时态

一般来说，主句可使用各种时态。状语从句通常使用一般时、过去时、进行时及完成时。值的注意的是，状语从句指的是将来情况时不能使用将来时态，而要酌情使用现在时、过去时或完成时。在高考有关状语从句的试题中，其中一半以上的试题都是考主句或状语从句的时态。

考例：

5．We will start as soon as our team leader___. (MET1981)

A. comes B. will come C. come D .is coming ( A)

6. Don’t get off the bus until it ___.(MET)

A. has stopped B. stopped C. will stop D. shall stop (A)

7. My brother ___while he ___his bicycle and hurt himself. (MET1989)

A. fell; was riding B. fell; were riding

C. had fallen; rode D. had fallen; was riding. (D)

8. As she __the newspaper, Granny ___asleep.(MET1995)

A. read; was falling B. was reading; fell (B)

C. was reading; was falling D.read; fell

10．The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people _____to eat more fruit and vegetables (2004 上海)

A. persuade B. will persuade C. be persuaded D. are persuaded ( D)

三，注意倒装语序

Not until/till--- ,No sooner ---than , hardly |---when/before等引导的句子，句子的主句部分需用倒装语序，而状语从句则用正常语序。

如；1. He had searcely gone into the room when the telephone rang

_Scarcely had he gone into the room when the telephone rang.

他一进房间电话铃就响了

2. The children won’t come home until it is dark

-Not until it is dark will the children come home

孩子们不到天黑不回家。

Not until I began to work __how much time I had wasted (MET1990)

A. didn’t realize B. did I realize

C.I didn’t realize D.I realized (B)

四，注意强调句型

由It is /was +被强调部分+that/who+其他成分 构成的强调句型，被强调部分可以是句子的主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语及状语从句等。当被强调部分指人时，可用that或who引出；指事物时，用that引出，而不用when或where，这一点很重要，为了迷惑考生，增加试题的难度，命题人员在考查状语从句时，往往使用强调句型。

It was only when I reread his poems recently _____.I began to appreciate their beauty . (NMET98)

A. until B. that C. then D. so (B)

五．注意并列句与主从复合句的区别。

由两个或两个以上的独立分词构成的句子叫做并列句。这些独立的分句处于平等的、互不依存的并列地位。并列句之间可以使用逗号、分号和并列连词。如：

He played the piano and she sang.他弹钢琴，她唱歌。

I was tired ,so I went to bed earlier.我累了，所以早点睡觉了。

状语从句是从属于主句的一种成分，它依存于主句，不能单独成句，通常由从属连词引出。如：

When I came in, he was reading a book.

我进来时他正在看书

Tom learns computer where his father works.

汤姆在他父亲上班的地方学电脑。

We had better hurry ___it is getting dark.(MET1998 )

A. and B. but C. as D. unless(B )

值得注意的是，在含状语从句的复合句中，主句的前面不能使用任何并列连词。

No matter how hard he worked, ____ (MeT)

A. he could not do any better

B. and he could not do any better

C. so he could not do any better

D. but he could not do any better (B)

六．注意句子的语态。

语态是动词的一种形式，用来表示主语和谓语之间的关系，由Be的相应形式+动词的过去分词 构成。在各种句子中，如果句子的主语不是动作的执行者，应使 用被动语态，但只有及物动词或相当于及物动词的词组才有被动语态。

Women were looked down upon in the past.

妇女过去受到歧视

I need one more stamp before my collection ___.(met1994)

A. has completed B. completes

C. had been completed D. is completed (D)

练习：

1． -How long do you think it will be ___China sends a manned spaceship to the moon ?

-Perhaps two or three years (2006福建)

A. when B. until C. that D. before

2. –Mom, what did your doctor say?

-He advised me to live ___the air is fresher. (2006 四川)

A. in where B. in which C. the place where D. where

3. He transplanted the little tree to the garden ____it was the best time for it.

A. where B. when C. that D. until (2005上海)

4. He tried his best to solve the problem,___difficult it was .

A. however B. no matter C. whatever D. although (2005 天津)

5. ___, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class.(2005 重庆)

A. a quiet student as he may be

B. quiet student as he may be

C. be a quiet student as he may

D. quiet as he may be a student

6. Allow children the space to voice their opinions, ___they are different from your own. (2005 湖南)

A. until B. even if C. unless D. as though

7. It was some time ___we realized the truth. (2005 山东)

A. when B. until C. since D. before

8. Lose one hour in the morning ___you will be looking for it the rest of the day . (2005北京)

A. but B. and C. or D. so

9. –Roses need special care ___they can live through winter. (2004 全国卷一)

A. because B. so that C. even if D. as

10. There were dirty marks on her trousers ____she had wiped her hands. _(2004 全国卷二)

A. where B. which C. when D. that

1-5 . DDBA B 6-10 BB BB A